Topological Relations of Arrow Symbols in Complex Diagrams

نویسندگان

  • Yohei Kurata
  • Max J. Egenhofer
چکیده

Illustrating a dynamic process with an arrow-containing diagram is a widespread convention in people’s daily communications. In order to build a basis for capturing the structure and semantics of such diagrams, this paper formalizes the topological relations between two arrow symbols and discusses the influence of these topological relations on the diagram’s semantics. Topological relations of arrow symbols are established by two types of links, intersections and common references, which are further categorized into nine types based on the combination of the linked parts. The topological relations are captured by the existence/non-existence of these nine types of intersections and common references. Then, this paper demonstrates that arrow symbols with different types of intersections typically illustrate two actions with different interrelations, whereas the arrow symbols with common references illustrate a pair of semantics that may be mutually exclusive or synchronized.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Spatial Cognition and Computation The Arrow-Semantics Interpreter

People often sketch diagrams to facilitate their communication. If computers understood such diagrams, people could interact with information systems more intuitively using similar multi-modal dialogs that include sketched diagrams. It remains a challenging problem, however, to make computers interpret arrow symbols, which are a frequent and versatile ingredient of such diagrams. This paper dev...

متن کامل

The Importance of Both Diagrammatic Conventions and Domain-Specific Knowledge for Diagram Literacy in Science: The Hierarchy as an Illustrative Case

Learning by producing diagrams p. 12 Eye fixations and diagrammatic reasoning p. 13 Cross-cultural user-experience design p. 16 Communicative signals as the key to automated understanding of simple bar charts p. 25 On line elaboration of a mental model during the understanding of an animation p. 40 From diagrams to models by analogical transfer p. 55 The mathematics of boundaries : a beginning ...

متن کامل

Learners’ eye movements during construction of mechanical kinematic representations from static diagrams

We investigated the influence of numbered arrows on construction of mechanical kinematic representations by using static diagrams. Undergraduate participants viewed a two-stage diagram depicting a flushing cistern (with or without numbered arrows) and answered questions about its function, step-bystep. The arrow group demonstrated greater overall accuracy and made fewer errors on the measure of...

متن کامل

Ways to Understand Class Diagrams

The software industry needs well trained software designers and one important aspect of software design is the ability to model software designs visually and understand what visual models represent. However, previous research indicates that software design is a difficult task to many students. This paper reports empirical findings from a phenomenographic investigation on how students understand...

متن کامل

Qualitative Spatial Interpretation of Course-of-Action Diagrams

This paper demonstrates qualitative spatial reasoning techniques in a real-world diagrammatic reasoning task: Course-of-Action (COA) diagrams. COA diagrams are military planning diagrams that depict unit movements and tasks in a given region. COA diagrams are a useful test bed for researching diagram understanding due to their composable symbology, their intrinsically spatial task, and their us...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2006